Assessing the Effectiveness of Community-Based Adaptation Strategies in Reducing Climate Risks: Evidence from Jalalabad District, Afghanistan

Climate change poses significant risks to livelihoods and food security in Afghanistan, particularly in climate-vulnerable regions such as Jalalabad District in Nangarhar Province. This study examines the role of community-based climate change adaptation (CBA) in reducing climate-related risks and enhancing community resilience. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 200 household heads and community members through a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS, applying reliability tests, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression techniques. The results indicate acceptable internal consistency of the measurement scales. Descriptive findings show moderate to high levels of awareness, adaptation practices, institutional support, and perceived climate risk reduction. Correlation analysis reveals significant positive relationships among community-based adaptation practices, institutional support, climate risk reduction, and community resilience. Regression results demonstrate that the composite adaptation score and the role of local institutions and NGOs have a statistically significant positive impact on climate risk reduction, while early warning systems show a weaker and statistically insignificant effect. Overall, the findings confirm that community-based adaptation plays a critical role in reducing climate risks and strengthening resilience at the local level. The study underscores the importance of participatory adaptation strategies, institutional involvement, and capacity building to achieve sustainable climate resilience in vulnerable communities, contributing to the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal 13.