The blockade of T-cell co-stimulation as a therapeutic stratagem for immunosuppression: Focus on belatacept.
Renaud Snanoudja b c, Carlos Frangié, Benjamin Deroure, Hélène François, Caroline Créput, Séverine Beaudreuil, Antoine Dürrbach, B Charpentier
- aService de Néphrologie et Transplantation Rénale, Hôpital du Kremlin Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris
- bLe Kremlin-Bicêtre
- cFrance
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Abstract
The development of immunosuppressive drugs has in recent years been focused on prevention of acute rejection. This has led to an increase in one-year allograft survival. However, these drugs have non-immune effects which contribute to the high incidence of late graft loss, as a consequence of chronic allograft nephropathy, and the death of patients. As an immune-specific alternative to conventional immunosuppressants, new biotechnology tools have been developed; they target the costimulation signal of T-cell activation, particularly by the "classical" B7/CD28 and CD40/CD40L pathways. Here, we review the limitations of current immunosuppressive protocols, the benefits of classical B7/CD28 costimulation blockade, and the first large-scale clinical application of this strategy to human transplantation with belatacept. We will also consider novel costimulatory molecules of the B7/CD28 and TNF/TNF-R families, which appear to be important for the functions of memory and effector T-cells.
TL;DRThe limitations of current immunosuppressive protocols, the benefits of classical B7/CD28 costimulation blockade, and the first large-scale clinical application of this strategy to human transplantation with belatacept are reviewed. (Semantic Scholar)