Economic Performance of Organic and Conventional Apple Production Systems Under Climate Variability: Evidence from Commercial Orchards

Fatma Mabrouk^a, Pomi Shahbaz^b✉, Ahmed A. Mashaal^c, Muhammad Nadeem^{d e}

1. ^aDepartment of Economics, College of Business Administration, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2. ^bDepartment of Economics, Division of Management and Administrative Science, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
3. ^cDepartment of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
4. ^dCollege of Economics and Management, Nanjing University Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
5. ^eDepartment of Economics, Virtual University, Islamabad, Pakistan
6. ✉Corresponding author