Association of hip dysplasia in newborns with ethnicity using graf method ultrasound
Nasim Marvia b, Samia Khalid Khokharc d, A. Qamare f, M. Ashfaqg h
- aNasim Marvi, MPhil Senior Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
- bJinnah Sindh Medical University
- cSamia Khalid Khokhar, MPhil Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
- dBUMDC
- eAisha Qamar, MPhil Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
- fBahria University Health Sciences Campus
- gMuhammad Ashfaq, MCPS, FCPS, CHPE (JSMU) Pediatric Medicine, National Institute of Child Health Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
Objectives: To determine gender and ethnic distribution of developmental dysplasia of hip in newborns using Graf method for ultrasound. To determine the significance of association between developmental dysplasia of hip with ethnicity in newborns using Graf’s method ultrasound. Method: This analytical cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Karachi from January through June 2022. A total of 115 healthy newborns (both male and female) aged under 28 days were included in the study after parental informed consent. Hip dislocation was assessed clinically using Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers. The gender, ethnicity and hip angles were recorded in the proforma. Graf’s method ultrasound was used to measure the hip angles. Acetabular roof, head of femur, triradiate cartilage and acetabular labrum were used as landmarks for angle measurements. The hip joint was classified based on Graf method criteria. Results: The incidence of hip dysplasia was higher in male (16.08%) as compared to female infants (14.78%). The difference between gender distributions was not significant. The predominant ethnicities with pathological hip were Sindhi (9.13%), Punjabi (7.39%) and Pathan (6.08%). The association between ethnicity and pathological hips was statistically significant (p=0.021). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in incidence of DDH with gender. However, there is a significant association between ethnicity and incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip in neonates of 28 days age. Incidence of DDH is high in the Sindhi, Punjabi and Pathan populations. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.8600 How to cite this: Marvi N, Khokhar SK, Qamar A, Ashfaq M. Association of hip dysplasia in newborns with ethnicity using graf method ultrasound. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):247-250. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.8600 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
TL;DRThere is a significant association between ethnicity and incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip in neonates of 28 days age in Sindhi, Punjabi and Pathan populations, and there is no significant difference in incidence of DDH with gender. (Semantic Scholar)