Long-Term Outcomes of Non-surgical versus Surgical Treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Observational Cohort Study

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life and work productivity. While both non-surgical and surgical treatments are employed, there is a lack of consensus regarding the most effective management strategy. Objective: This study aims to compare the outcomes of non-surgical and surgical treatments for CTS, focusing on symptom severity, functional status, and patient satisfaction. Methods: This observational cohort study included 74 participants, with 37 in each treatment group (non-surgical and surgical). Demographic data, including age, gender, occupation, and hand dominance, were recorded. Clinical parameters assessed were duration and severity of CTS symptoms, previous treatments, and comorbid conditions. The non-surgical group underwent treatments like wrist splinting, NSAIDs, and physical therapy, while the surgical group underwent decompression surgery. Outcomes measured included frequency and severity of symptoms, impact on daily activities, and satisfaction with treatment outcomes. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics to compare between groups. Results: The average age was 50 ± 9 years in the non-surgical group and 52 ± 8 years in the surgical group, with a predominance of females in both. The non-surgical group showed higher frequency and severity of symptoms, with daily symptoms reported by 76.1% of patients, compared to 44.4% in the surgical group. Severity of pain was higher in the non-surgical group (5.8 out of 10) than in the surgical group (2.8 out of 10). Satisfaction with surgical outcomes was high, with all patients in the surgical group reporting satisfaction despite a 100% rate of postoperative complications. Conclusion: The study indicates that surgical treatment for CTS may be more effective in reducing symptom severity and improving patient satisfaction compared to non-surgical methods. However, the high rate of postoperative complications in the surgical group necessitates careful consideration and patient counselling regarding treatment choices. Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Non-surgical Treatment, Surgical Treatment, Patient Outcomes, Symptom Severity, Treatment Satisfaction