Moringa oleifera Mediated Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and their Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Activities

The green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted the attention of scientific communities due to their simple, economical, and environment-friendly properties. This study focuses on the biological synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using an aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The formation, structure, and other physical and chemical properties of ZnONPs have been extensively studied using various microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. The biogenic synthesis of ZnONPs was confirmed by UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer analysis and further characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Potential antibacterial and antioxidant activity for ZnONPs were also studied. A sharp peak at 450 nm was observed by UV-Vis analysis, while FTIR analysis showed the presence of -O-H-, -C=C-and -C-H- stretching. SEM analysis revealed that ZnONPs were cubic and hexagonal with500 nmto 1µmsize. The results of antimicrobial activity presented that the zone of inhibition of ZnONPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC4617, and Escherichia coli ATCC15224 were in the range of 16-36 mm. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by DPPH assay and the IC50 value was 144.59 µg/mL. This study provides an ecofriendly green approach for ZnONPs synthesis with less time and energy consumption.