An approach to understanding the intrinsic complexity of resilience against floods: Evidences from three urban communities of Pakistan

Irfan Ahmad Rana^a✉, Saad Saleem Bhatti^b, Ali Jamshed^c, Shakil Ahmad^d

1. ^aDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), 44000, H-12 Sector, Islamabad, Pakistan
2. ^bSchool of Geography & Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
3. ^cInstitute of Spatial and Regional Planning (IREUS), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
4. ^dNUST Institute of Civil Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
5. ✉Corresponding author