Human health implications, risk assessment and remediation of As-contaminated water: A critical review
Muhammad Bilal Shakoora b✉, Rab Nawazc, Fida Hussaind, Maimoona Razae f, Shafaqat Alib, Muhammad Rizwanb, Sang‐Eun Ohd, Sajjad Ahmadg
- aDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: bilalshakoor88@gmail.com
- bDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
- cDepartment of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- dDepartment of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 200-701 Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea
- eDepartment of Geology, Kangwon National University, 24341 Chuncheon, South Korea
- fNational Water Quality Laboratory, Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources, Islamabad, Pakistan
- gDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Vehari Campus, Pakistan
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring metalloid and Class-A human carcinogen. Exposure to As via direct intake of As-contaminated water or ingestion of As-contaminated edible crops is considered a life threatening problem around the globe. Arsenic-laced drinking water has affected the lives of over 200 million people in 105 countries worldwide. Limited data are available on various health risk assessment models/frameworks used to predict carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects caused by As-contaminated water. Therefore, this discussion highlights the need for future research focusing on human health risk assessment of individual As species (both organic and inorganic) present in As-contaminated water. Various conventional and latest technologies for remediation of As-contaminated water are also reviewed along with a discussion of the fate of As-loaded waste and sludge.
TL;DRThe need for future research focusing on human health risk assessment of individual As species present in As-contaminated water is highlighted along with a discussion of the fate of As-loaded waste and sludge. (Semantic Scholar)