Experimental Quantification of Asymmetric Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering
Kai Suna b, Xiang-Jun Yea b, Jin‐Shi Xua b✉, Xiao-Ye Xua b, Jian-Shun Tanga b, Yu-Chun Wua b, Jing-Ling Chenc d, Chuan-Feng Lia b, Guang‐Can Guoa b
- aKey Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, CAS, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- bSynergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- cCentre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117543
- dTheoretical Physics Division, Chern Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 30071, People's Republic of China
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering describes the ability of one observer to nonlocally "steer" the other observer's state through local measurements. EPR steering exhibits a unique asymmetric property; i.e., the steerability can differ between observers, which can lead to one-way EPR steering in which only one observer obtains steerability in the steering process. This property is inherently different from the symmetric concepts of entanglement and Bell nonlocality, and it has attracted increasing interest. Here, we experimentally demonstrate asymmetric EPR steering for a class of two-qubit states in the case of two measurement settings. We propose a practical method to quantify the steerability. We then provide a necessary and sufficient condition for EPR steering and clearly demonstrate one-way EPR steering. Our work provides new insight into the fundamental asymmetry of quantum nonlocality and has potential applications in asymmetric quantum information processing.