Differences in Clinical Manifestations amongCryptosporidiumSpecies and Subtypes in HIV‐Infected Persons
Vitaliano A. Camaa b, Jennifer M. Rossb, Sara B. Crawfordb, Vivian K. Kawaic, Raul Chavez‐Valdezc, Daniel Vargasc, Aldo M. Vivarc d, Eduardo Ticonae, Marcos Ñavincopae, John Williamsonb, Ynés R. Ortegaf, Robert H. Gilmanc g, Caryn Bernb, Lihua Xiaob✉
- aDivision of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
- bDivision of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
- cAsociacion Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru
- dHospital Arzobispo Loayza, Lima, Peru
- eHospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Peru
- fUniversity of Georgia, Griffin
- gJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons at 3 diagnostic levels: microscopy, genotypes of Cryptosporidium, and subtype families of C. hominis and C. parvum. The study enrolled 2,490 HIV-infected persons in Lima, Peru, and 230 were microscopy positive for Cryptosporidium infection. Specimens from 193 participants were available for genotyping. They had C. hominis (141 persons), C. parvum (22 persons), C. meleagridis (17 persons), C. canis (6 persons), C. felis (6 persons), and C. suis (1 person) infection. Although microscopy results showed that Cryptosporidium infections were associated with diarrhea, only infections with C. canis, C. felis, and subtype family Id of C. hominis were associated with diarrhea, and infection with C. parvum was associated with chronic diarrhea and vomiting. These results demonstrate that different Cryptosporidium genotypes and subtype families are linked to different clinical manifestations.
TL;DRIt is demonstrated that different Cryptosporidium genotypes and subtype families are linked to different clinical manifestations, and only infections with C. hominis and C. parvum were associated with diarrhoea and vomiting. (Semantic Scholar)