The Genetic Architecture of Maize Flowering Time
Edward S. Bucklera b c✉, James Brendan Hollandc d✉, Peter J. Bradburyb c, Charlotte B. Acharyab, Patrick J. Brownb, Chris Brownec e, Elhan S. Ersozb, Sherry A. Flint-Garciac e, A.R. Garciac e, Jeffrey C. Glaubitzf, M. M. Goodmand, Carlos Harjesg, Kate E Guillc e, Dallas E. Kroonb, Sara J. Larssona, Nicholas K. Lepaka c, Huihui Lib h i, Sharon E. Mitchellb, Gaël Pressoirb, Jason A. Peiffera, Marco A Oropeza-Rosasd, Torbert Rochefordj k, M. Cinta Romayb l, Susan M. Romerob, Stella Salvoc d, Héctor Sánchez‐Villedae m, H. Sofia da Silvak, Qi Sunn, Feng Tianb, Narasimham Upadyayulak and 6 others
- aDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- bInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- cU.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)–Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)
- dDepartment of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- eDivision of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- fLaboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- gMonsanto Company, Leesburg, GA 31763, USA
- hInstitute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- iSchool of Mathematical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- jDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- kDepartment of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Abstract
Flowering time is a complex trait that controls adaptation of plants to their local environment in the outcrossing species Zea mays (maize). We dissected variation for flowering time with a set of 5000 recombinant inbred lines (maize Nested Association Mapping population, NAM). Nearly a million plants were assayed in eight environments but showed no evidence for any single large-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Instead, we identified evidence for numerous small-effect QTLs shared among families; however, allelic effects differ across founder lines. We identified no individual QTLs at which allelic effects are determined by geographic origin or large effects for epistasis or environmental interactions. Thus, a simple additive model accurately predicts flowering time for maize, in contrast to the genetic architecture observed in the selfing plant species rice and Arabidopsis.
TL;DRA simple additive model accurately predicts flowering time for maize, in contrast to the genetic architecture observed in the selfing plant species rice and Arabidopsis. (Semantic Scholar)