Implementing a unified approach to family-based tests of association
Nan M. Lairda b✉, Steve Horvathc d, Xin Ping Xue
- aDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. laird@biostat.harvard.edu
- b‖Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- cDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- dInstitute for Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- eProgram in Population Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
We describe a broad class of family-based association tests that are adjusted for admixture; use either dichotomous or measured phenotypes; accommodate phenotype-unknown subjects; use nuclear families, sibships or a combination of the two, permit multiple nuclear families from a single pedigree; incorporate di- or multi-allelic marker data; allow additive, dominant or recessive models; and permit adjustment for covariates and gene-by-environment interactions. The test statistic is basically the covariance between a user-specified function of the genotype and a user-specified function of the trait. The distribution of the statistic is computed using the appropriate conditional distribution of offspring genotypes that adjusts for admixture.
TL;DRA broad class of family‐based association tests that are adjusted for admixture; use either dichotomous or measured phenotypes; accommodate phenotype‐unknown subjects; use nuclear families, sibships or a combination of the two, permit multiple nuclear families from a single pedigree; incorporate di‐ or multi‐allelic marker data; and permit adjustment for covariates and gene‐by‐environment interactions are described. (Semantic Scholar)