Assessment of genetic variation and population structure in Iraqi barley accessions using ISSR, CDDP, and SCoT markers
Nawroz Abdul-razzak Tahira, Djshwar Dhahir Lateefb, Kamaran Salh Rasula, Didar Rahimb, Khalid Mustafab, Shokhan Mahmood Slemanb, Avin Noori Mirzac, Rebwar Rafat Aziza
- aHorticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
- bBiotechnology and Crop Sciences Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
- cGeneral Directorate of Agriculture in Sulaimani, Ministry of Agricultural and Water Resources, Sulaimani, Iraq
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of 59 accessions of barley using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR), conserved DNA-derived polymorphism (CDDP), and start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. A total of 391 amplified polymorphic bands were generated using 44 ISSR, 9 CDDP, and 12 SCoT primers that produced 255, 35, and 101 polymorphic bands, respectively. The average values of gene diversity were 0.77, 0.67, and 0.81 for ISSR, CDDP, and SCoT markers, respectively. The mean values of polymorphism information content for ISSR, CDDP and SCoT markers were 0.74, 0.63, and 0.80 respectively. The discrimination power of the three approaches for assessing allelic diversity in barley accessions ranked as follows: SCoT > ISSR > CDDP. The barley accessions were classified and clustered into two main groups. Molecular variance analysis revealed 15, 9, and 14% variability among populations with ISSR, CDDP, and SCoT markers, respectively. The Mantel test results revealed that the three molecular marker matrices had significant positive relationships. The SCoT markers might be useful tools for selecting appropriate parents for a breeding program.