Racial Categories in Medicine: A Failure of Evidence-Based Practice?

George T. H. Ellison^{a b c d e f g h i j k l}✉, Andrew Smart^{b c d e f g h i j k l m}, Richard Tutton^{b c d e f g h i j k l m}, Simon Michael Outram^{b c d e f g h i j k l m}, Richard Edmund Ashcroft^{b c d e f g h i j k l m}, Paul B. Martin^{b c d e f g h i j k l}

1. ^ag.ellison@hscs.sgul.ac.uk
2. ^bAndrew Smart is at Bath Spa University, Newton Park Campus, Bath, United Kingdom
3. ^cInstitute for Science and Society, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. Richard Ashcroft is at Queen Mary
4. ^dNational Institutes of Health
5. ^eOMB, United States
6. ^fOffi ce of Management and Budget
7. ^gONS, United Kingdom Offi ce for National Statistics
8. ^hSt George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom
9. ⁱUnited Kingdom Department of Health
10. ^jHLA, histocompatibility antigen
11. ^kNIH, United States
12. ^lUniversity of London, London, United Kingdom
13. ^mDepartment of Health ; , United States National Institutes of Health
14. ✉Corresponding author