article Open access
Fatty acid metabolism in adaptive immunity
Xian Zhoua b, Xingxing Zhua b, Hu Zenga b c d✉
- aDivision of Rheumatology Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- bDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
- cDepartment of Immunology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- dDepartment of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) not only are a key component of cellular membrane structure, but also have diverse functions in biological processes. Recent years have seen great advances in understanding of how FA metabolism contributes to adaptive immune response. Here, we review three key processes, FA biosynthesis, FA oxidation and FA uptake, and how they direct T and B cell functions during immune challenges. Then, we will focus on the relationship between microbiota derived FAs, short-chain FAs, and adaptive immunity. Along the way, we will also discuss the outstanding controversies and challenges in the field.