Global dengue epidemic worsens with record 14 million cases and 9000 deaths reported in 2024
Najmul Haidera b, Mohammad Nayeem Hasanc d, Joshua Onyangoe f, Masum Billahg h, Sakirul Khani j, Danai Papakonstantinouk l, Priyamvada Paudyalm n, Md Asaduzzamang o
- aSchool of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: n.haider@keele.ac.uk
- bSchool of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom, ST5 5BG. Electronic address: n.haider@keele.ac.uk
- cDepartment of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- dDepartment of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh. Electronic address: nayeem5847@gmail.com
- eThe Harper and Keele Veterinary School, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- fThe Harper and Keele Veterinary School, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom, ST5 5BG. Electronic address: j.o.onyango@hkvets.ac.uk
- gDepartment of Engineering, University of Staffordshire, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DE, United Kingdom
- hDepartment of Engineering, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DE, UK. Electronic address: masum.billah@staffs.ac.uk
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Abstract
Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is the fastest-growing mosquito-borne disease worldwide. We utilised monthly data on dengue cases and deaths reported through the World Health Organisation's (WHO) global surveillance system for the period of 1st January to 31st December 2024. We then performed a generalised linear regression model to understand country-level determinants of dengue-related mortality. In 2024, 14.1 million dengue cases were reported globally, surpassing the historic milestone of 7 million observed in 2023. This figure represents a twofold increase compared to 2023 and a 12-fold rise compared to 2014 (n=1,206,644). In 2024, 9,508 dengue-related deaths were recorded, resulting in a global case-fatality rate of 0.07%. In the regression analysis, countries in the Southern hemisphere (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 5.95, 95% CI: 4.19-8.46), and aged population (IRR 1.04, CI: 1.01-1.07), and mean annual temperature (IRR 1.21, CI: 1.16-1.26) were significantly associated with higher dengue-related mortality per million population. The ongoing dengue outbreak underscores the urgent need for global investment in DENV research, vaccine development, vector control, and therapeutic strategies. We urge the inclusion of DENV in the WHO's Research and Development Priority Disease list to address this growing global health threat.
TL;DRThe ongoing dengue outbreak underscores the urgent need for global investment in DENV research, vaccine development, vector control, vector control, and therapeutic strategies, and the inclusion of DENV in the WHO's Research and Development Priority Disease list to address this growing global health threat. (Semantic Scholar)