Distribution of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in drinking water, tap water, surface water, and wastewater in Hanoi, Vietnam
Ha My Nu Nguyena b, Hanh Thi Khieua, Ngoc Anh Taa, Huong Quang Lec, Trung Quang Nguyenc, Trung Pham Quanga, Anh Quoc Hoanga d, Kurunthachalam Kannane, Tri Manh Tranf✉
- aFaculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
- bHa Tinh University, Cam Vinh Commune, Cam Xuyen District, Ha Tinh, 45000, Viet Nam
- cCenter for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
- dCenter of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
- eDepartment of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- fFaculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam. Electronic address: manhtri0908@gmail.com
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
In this study, four cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMSs) were determined in drinking water, tap water, surface water, and wastewater samples collected from Hanoi metropolitan area, Vietnam, during August to December 2020 (dry season) by using solid phase extraction combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Highest concentrations of cVMSs in the range of 63-7400 ng/L (mean/median: 1840/1310 ng/L) were found in wastewater samples. A significant difference existed in the concentrations of cVMSs between influent and effluent of a wastewater treatment plant. The sum concentrations of four cVMSs in lake water, tap water, and bottled water samples were in the ranges of 67.0-1100 ng/L (mean/median: 350/282 ng/L), 19.8-350 ng/L (12.6/12.3 ng/L), and 2.31-28.1 ng/L (10.3/8.23 ng/L), respectively. Among the four cVMSs, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) was found at the highest concentrations in all water samples analyzed. The mean exposure doses of cVMSs calculated for adults and children through the consumption of drinking were 0.409 and 0.412 ng/kg-bw/day, respectively. Human exposure to cVMSs calculated through drinking water consumption was significantly lower than that reported for inhalation.
TL;DRHuman exposure to cVMSs calculated through drinking water consumption was significantly lower than that reported for inhalation, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) was found at the highest concentrations in all water samples analyzed. (Semantic Scholar)