Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Diseases
Corneliu Simaa b, Michael Glogauerb c✉
- aMatrix Dynamics Group, Room 221 Fitzgerald Building, 150 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
- bMatrix Dynamics Group, Room 221 Fitzgerald Building, 150 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E2, Canada
- cUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
A bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal diseases (PDs) has been established. It is estimated that patients with poorly controlled DM are 3 times more likely to develop chronic PD compared with normoglycemic individuals despite similar composition in subgingival biofilms. Furthermore, these patients present with increased severity and rapid progression of attachment loss around teeth resulting in edentulism. Treatment of PD results in a modest but significant improvement in glycemic control in patients with DM reflected by a 0.4 % reduction in HbA1c-glycated hemoglobin levels. Compelling evidence from in vitro and animal studies supports a plausible biological explanation for the relationship between the 2 conditions centered on systemic low-grade inflammation. However, the limited number of comparable large randomized clinical trials is reflected in the limited specific guidelines offered by the international organizations for DM and PD regarding the management of the 2 diseases in an individual.
TL;DRTreatment of PD results in a modest but significant improvement in glycemic control in patients with DM reflected by a 0.4 % reduction in HbA1cglycated hemoglobin levels. (Semantic Scholar)