Imaging approach to pediatric calvarial bulges
E. Hughesa b c d✉, Daniel G. Rosenbaumd e, Helen M. Bransonf g, Makabongwe Tshumad e, Eman Marieh, Cassidy S. Fraynd e, Heena Rajanid e, Samantha K. Gerried e
- aDepartment of Radiology, BC Children's Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada. emilyhughes2@nhs.net
- bDepartment of Radiology, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, UK. emilyhughes2@nhs.net
- cDepartment of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. emilyhughes2@nhs.net
- dDepartment of Radiology, BC Children's Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
- eDepartment of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- fDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- gDepartment of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- hDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- ✉Corresponding author
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Abstract
Palpable calvarial lesions in children may require multi-modality imaging for adequate characterization due to non-specific clinical features. Causative lesions range from benign incidental lesions to highly aggressive pathologies. While tissue sampling may be required for some lesions, others have a typical imaging appearance, and an informed imaging approach facilitates diagnosis. This review illustrates imaging findings of common and clinically important focal pediatric calvarial bulges to aid the radiologist in narrowing the differential diagnosis and directing appropriate referral. We focus on birth-related lesions, congenital abnormalities, and modeling disturbances (i.e., those that produce a change in calvarial contour early in development), normal variants, and neoplastic lesions with their mimics.
TL;DRThis review illustrates imaging findings of common and clinically important focal pediatric calvarial bulges to aid the radiologist in narrowing the differential diagnosis and directing appropriate referral. (Semantic Scholar)